nvim/lua/plugins/lspconfig.lua

local on_attach = function(client, bufnr)
    -- Mappings.
    -- See `:help vim.lsp.*` for documentation on any of the below functions
    local bufopts = { noremap = true, silent = true, buffer = bufnr }
    vim.keymap.set("n", "gd", "<cmd>TroubleToggle lsp_definitions<cr>")
    vim.keymap.set("n", "gr", "<cmd>TroubleToggle lsp_references<cr>")
    vim.keymap.set("n", "gi", vim.lsp.buf.implementation, bufopts)
    vim.keymap.set("n", "K", vim.lsp.buf.hover, bufopts)
    vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>D", "<cmd>TroubleToggle lsp_type_definitions<cr>")
    vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>rn", vim.lsp.buf.rename, bufopts)
    vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>ca", vim.lsp.buf.code_action, bufopts)
    vim.keymap.set(
        "n",
        "<leader>i",
        function() vim.lsp.buf.format { bufnr = bufnr, timeout_ms = 2000, async = true } end,
        bufopts
    )

    -- specific client tweaks
    if client.name ~= "null-ls" then client.server_capabilities.documentFormattingProvider = false end
    if client.name == "ruff_lsp" then client.server_capabilities.hoverProvider = false end

    -- Attach navic and navbuddy if applicable
    if client.server_capabilities.documentSymbolProvider then
        require("nvim-navic").attach(client, bufnr)
        require("nvim-navbuddy").attach(client, bufnr)
    end
end

local config = function()
    require("neodev").setup()

    -- Mappings.
    -- See `:help vim.diagnostic.*` for documentation on any of the below functions
    local opts = { noremap = true, silent = true }
    vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>e", vim.diagnostic.open_float, opts)
    vim.keymap.set("n", "[d", vim.diagnostic.goto_prev, opts)
    vim.keymap.set("n", "]d", vim.diagnostic.goto_next, opts)
    vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>q", vim.diagnostic.setloclist, opts)

    local signs = require "ui.lsp_icons"
    for type, icon in pairs(signs) do
        local hl = "DiagnosticSign" .. type
        vim.fn.sign_define(hl, { text = icon, texthl = hl, numhl = hl })
    end

    local lsp_config = {
        on_attach = on_attach,
        flags = { debounce_text_changes = 150 },
        capabilities = require("cmp_nvim_lsp").default_capabilities(),
    }
    local lsp = require("lspconfig")
    if vim.fn.executable("pyright") == 1 then lsp["pyright"].setup(lsp_config) end
    if vim.fn.executable("pylsp") == 1 then lsp["pylsp"].setup(lsp_config) end
    if vim.fn.executable("ruff-lsp") == 1 then lsp["ruff_lsp"].setup(lsp_config) end
    if vim.fn.executable("lua-language-server") == 1 then lsp["lua_ls"].setup(lsp_config) end
    if vim.fn.executable("nil") == 1 then lsp["nil_ls"].setup(lsp_config) end
    if vim.fn.executable("fortls") == 1 then lsp["fortls"].setup(lsp_config) end
    if vim.fn.executable("yaml-language-server") == 1 then lsp["yamlls"].setup(lsp_config) end
    if vim.fn.executable("vim-language-server") == 1 then lsp["vimls"].setup(lsp_config) end
    if vim.fn.executable("bash-language-server") == 1 then lsp["bashls"].setup(lsp_config) end

    local builtins = require "null-ls.builtins"
    local cspell = require "cspell"
    local cspell_config = {
        filetypes = { "json", "yaml", "html", "markdown", "norg", "gitcommit" },
        config={ config_file_preferred_name = ".cspell.json" }
    }
    require("null-ls").setup {
        sources = {
            cspell.diagnostics.with (cspell_config),
            cspell.code_actions.with (cspell_config),

            builtins.code_actions.gitsigns,
            builtins.formatting.alejandra,
            builtins.formatting.beautysh,
            builtins.formatting.black,
            builtins.formatting.fixjson,
            builtins.formatting.isort,
            builtins.formatting.mdformat,
            builtins.formatting.shellharden,
            builtins.formatting.stylua,
            builtins.hover.dictionary,
        },
        on_attach = lsp_config.on_attach,
        flags = lsp_config.flags,
        capabilities = lsp_config.capabilities,
    }
end

return {
    "neovim/nvim-lspconfig",
    cond = not vim.g.vscode,
    event = { "BufReadPre", "BufNewFile" },
    dependencies = {
        "cmp-nvim-lsp",
        "folke/trouble.nvim",
        "folke/neodev.nvim",
        { "jose-elias-alvarez/null-ls.nvim", dependencies = "davidmh/cspell.nvim" },
    },
    config = config,
}